Friday, December 27, 2019

The True Cost Of Alzheimer s Care 2 - 1037 Words

THE TRUE COST OF ALZHEIMER’S CARE 2 Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most devastating diseases affecting approximately 5.3 million people in the U.S. (Alzheimer’s Association, 2015; Caminiti, 2015; Hammer, 2016). It is not exclusively a disease of old age as over 200,000 are diagnosed under the age of 65. Other startling facts are that a majority of afflicted by Alzheimer’s are women and the rates of diagnosis are increasing substantially (Alzheimer’s association, 2015). Alzheimer’s is a complicated disease that robs a person of their memory and eventually their bodily functions, rendering the person unable to care for him or herself. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s is fatal with no cure or prevention known to this date. There has been a 71 percent increase in Alzheimer’s deaths compared to other major deadly diseases during the first 13 years of this century. Why is the disease of Alzheimer’s so relative to the chosen real world event topic and this course? Much of what will be covered in this class and the textbook, Health Care USA: Understanding its Organization and Delivery will correlate to the complex topic of Alzheimer’s Care. Upon review of the syllabus and Table of Contents, the three most interesting and relative chapters and topics include: Aging of America, long-term care, and research (Sultz Young, 2011). As previously mentioned, people are livingShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease1780 Words   |  8 PagesWhen you think of Alzheimer s disease, the first thing that comes to mind is memory loss. This is something that may affect a family member, a close friend, a coworker, or someone dear to our heart. Currently, there is no cure for it, yet due to extensive research, there are more treatment options for it. The available medications that have been approved by the FDA can possibly slow the progression of the disease, but it is a temporary benefit. Research is ongoing and recent developments inRead MoreGene Therapy And The Treatment Of Alzheimer Disease2489 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract This paper discusses the use of gene therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer Disease. It is an irreversible, progressive brain disease. Current gene therapy interventions are experimental. However, the use of genetic therapeutic drugs has gained momentum in the treatment of other illnesses. Scientists are currently researching in how to use stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer Disease. There are still some challenges with regards to genetic therapy. These need to be addressed. DespiteRead MoreAlzheimers Disease Essay2168 Words   |  9 Pagesolder† (â€Å"Alzheimer† 1). Disturbingly, the disease is becoming even more common. Statistics now show that the number of people with the disease doubles every five years among older people. Using this as a rule, Dr. Robert Katzman of the University of California â€Å"estimates the total could be 45 million worldwide by 2050† (qted in Willett 13). With these future projections of the incidence of AD, the financial cost of supporting the afflicted will be exorbitant as well. Lifetime societal costs for anRead MoreDonepezil Hydrochloride : The Active Ingredient4587 Words   |  19 Pagesresponsible for the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Increased levels of acetylcholine are believed to relieve the effects of Alzheimer’s disease. Donepezil hydrochloride is known chemically by the IUPAC name 2,3-dihydro-5,6-dimethoxy-2-[[1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]methyl]-1H-inden-1-one hydrochloride (Figure 1). It is a white powder, and is available commercially as 5, 10, and 23 mg pills. Aricept, the original name-brand form of the drug, is marketed and sold by the pharmaceuticalRead MoreConclusion Of Bioiosensors1139 Words   |  5 PagesContents 1. Introduction 2. Architectural Highlights a. Nanomaterials i. Gold ii. Carbon b. Detection Methods 1. Fluorescence 2. Surface Plasmon Resonance 3. Piezoelectricity 3. Applications a. Glucose Concentrations b. Alzhemier’s Disease c. Escherichia coli (E.coli) d. HIV viral load measurement e. Cancer 4. Conclusion Introduction In recent years, the use of bionanosensors in medical diagnostics has seen a favorable rise in research due to a growing need for reliable, early-detection methods ofRead MoreThe World Population Is Evolving Ageing And Cognitive Impairment ( Ci ) Is A Fast Growing Problem1722 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem solving, and decision making in order to process an adaptive behavioral response to a constantly changing environment. Between 2000 and 2050, the proportion of the world s population over 60 years will double from about 11% to 22%. The number of people aged 60 years and over is expected to increase from 605 million to 2 billion over the same period. (WHO source) and by 2050 the world will have almost 400 million people aged 80 years or older, in which up to 3 in 10 will develop dementia. Read MoreBurden of Alzheimer’s Disease High and Growing Essay2125 Words   |  9 PagesUnited States and is also one of the most common forms of dementia. Dementia can be defined as a disorder of progressive cognitive impairment severe enough to affect daily functions of an individual’s life. (Fillit et al, 2002) Early 1900’s a man named Alois Alzheimer cared for a woman who had rapid severe declining dementia, after she died he was able to study her brain where he found atrophy of the grey matter along with plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which when destroyed interrupts the messagesRead MoreWhy Should I Start Exercising?1599 Words   |  7 Pagesof this? You may actually live longer. 2. Mind Perhaps as important as your body, exercise can change your psychology forever. Your mind clears, you feel much more energetic, ready to take on the world. Your stress and anxiety dissipates, and your mood generally improves. What a great place to be! You are able to take on more tasks and successfully complete them, and your self-esteem soars. You are capable of accomplishing anything. The flip side is true too - if you are already optimistic, itRead MoreResearch Proposal on Aging Mind and Memory3134 Words   |  13 Pagessymptoms start to appear after age 60. It is important to know that Alzheimer is not a part of normal aging process but is a fatal disease. A lot of people are of the view that feelings of depression and anxiety eventually develop as an individual ages, however, this may not be true. Feelings of depression and anxiety eventually develop when an individual suffers from dementia. Such feelings can be curbed by providing proper care and attention to patients who are suffering from this disease. Read MoreResearch Proposal on Aging Mind and Memory3142 Words   |  13 Pagessymptoms start to appear after age 60. It is important to know that Alzheimer is not a part of normal aging process but is a fatal disease. A lot of people are of the view that feelings of depression and anxiety eventually develop as an individual ages, however, this may not be true. Feelings of depression and anxiety eventually develop when an individual suffers from dementia. Such feelings can be curbed by providing proper care and attention to patients who are suffering from this disease.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Different Types Of Memory Through Comparing Short Term And...

Introduction The human brain is a very complex organ in its composition and the way it functions. The brain forms one of the main components of the central nervous system (CNS) in which the other is the spinal cord. The brain’s tissue consists of gray matter where neurons’ cell bodies are concentrated with their dendrites and glial cells, and white matter where the myelinated nerve fibers are bundled. The function of the brain varies from sensory perception, language and maintenance of balance to coordinating and planning, and involving with emotions and basic behavioral patterns (Klandorf, Sherwood, Yancey, p.177). Other functions of the brain are learning and the ability to recall experiences and acquired knowledge; the later of these is called memory. According to the authors memory is defined as the brain storage for acquired information and the ability to retrieve these information over time (Klandorf, Sherwood, Yancey, p.195). The purpose of this paper is to drive clarity ab out the different types of memory through comparing short-term and long-term memory, and to explain the underlining physiological mechanisms of short-term and long-term memory. Also, how memories are retrieved will be discussed. The Different Types of Memory Memories are stored in the brain in the form of information through three different processes; these processes are encoding, storage, and retrieval. What people perceive, think, or feel is converted into permanent memory through theShow MoreRelatedMemory And Its Impact On Our Lives1373 Words   |  6 PagesMemory makes us. It is, to an extent, a collection of unique and personal experiences that we, as individuals, have amassed over our lifetime. It is what connects us to our past and what shapes our present and the future. If we are unable remember the what, when, where, and who of our everyday lives, our level of functioning would be greatly impacted. Memory is defined as or recognized as the â€Å"sum or total of what we remember.† Memory provides us the ability to learn and adjust to or from priorRead MoreEssay on Applying Psychological Theories to Board Games755 Words   |  4 PagesPunishment under the operant conditionings refers to the usage of positive or negative reinforcements in increasing certain behaviour or reducing or eliminates an unwanted behaviour. The two types of punishments are positive punishment and negative punishment according to B.F. Skinner (Skinner, 1974). Positive punishment is done by applying an aversive stimulus after the occurrence of behaviour. For an example, the player will be given the safety card, where the players are allowed to keep theRead MoreThe Interactions between Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory: What is the Messaging Protocol?1500 Words   |  6 PagesInteractions between Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory: What is the Messaging Protocol? 1. Introduction Computers store data in memory, and simulate human memory when they achieve this. It might be easy to predict the mechanism of how computer memory works, but the function of human memory is much more sophisticated. Basically, the role of memory is to retain information, store them and retrieve when it is necessary. According to Bunuel (1984), You have to begin to lose your memory, if only in bitsRead MoreThe Differences Between Men And Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences in memory Introduction There are many differences when it comes to comparing men and women. There are not only physical appearance differences but there are also internal working mechanisms of their bodies that are different. Men and women differ genetically, physiologically, and psychologically (Loftus, Banji, Schooler, 1987). Not only does battle of the sexes occur in real world situations, scientists argue back and forth as to which should be superior in terms of cognitive functioningRead MoreEssay on The Dangerous Effects of Alcohol1597 Words   |  7 Pageshave fun and party but do not see the consequences. Getting drunk and even blacking out can lead to many problems. When alcohol is consumed in unhealthy amounts, it can lead to not only short-term effects, but long-term ones as well. Many people could tell you what alcohol will do to you. Blurred vision, memory loss, slurred speech, difficulty walking, and slow reaction times are all very common side effects depending on how much one consumes (National Institute on Alcohol abuse, 2004). To mostRead MoreDepression And Its Effects On Depression1531 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom some form of depression. The different types of depressions include: dysthymia, postpartum depression, seasonal affective disorder, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression. This paper will focus on the main types of depression, the role that antidepressants play on the regression of depression, and the effects hypnotherapy and cognitive therapy can have on depression. Many different people suffer from many different types of depression. One of the first types of depression is dysthymia. DysthymiaRead MoreEnabling Learning Through Assessment1705 Words   |  7 Pages3D Enabling Learning Through Assessment Part A Learning is something that everybody does, be it in the classroom or outside of it. Learning is an active ‘meaning-making process. Only information that has been structured and organised by the learner can pass into the long-term memory and then be used in real life. In order to achieve goals and progress in life we need to learn, be it every day survival skills or acquiring academic knowledge. To determine how much we already know or to determineRead MoreGenre Of The Mind And Behavior1835 Words   |  8 Pagesbehavior is through the use of experimental research in which experiments, correlation studies and longitudinal research is used to understand and explain how we, as human beings, act and think. This in itself represents on genre of the field of Psychology. Since Psychology is a field that is focused on the interactions, mindsets and behaviors, it is required that its research be provided to the general public. Reports of the empirical research findings of Psychology are usually reported through MagazinesRead MoreMusic Therapy : Where Does It Stand?1605 Words   |  7 Pagesone or more of these five types: body psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), existential psychotherapy, interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), or relational psychotherapy (Jefferies). These are some of the most popular forms of psychotherapy, and most patients who use them are successful in healing or reaching a manageable state. Because of their famed efficiency and reliability, many people go straight to the aforementioned therapies and don’t consider other types. There are many other formsRead MoreReport to Compare and Contrast the Hardware Specification of Two Laptops/Desktops or Servers.2567 Words   |  11 Pagesto compare and contrast the hardware specification of two Laptops/Desktops or Servers. Executive Summary For the purpose of this report, I will be comparing two different computers and comparing the various aspects of hardware specifications of the two separate platforms in detail, including performance in terms of processor, memory and storage. The first computer I have chosen for this report is a 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina display, which is a powerful laptop, also known as a notebook

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Rhetorical Structure Contrasting Positive And Neg Essay Example For Students

Rhetorical Structure: Contrasting Positive And Neg Essay ative ParagraphsSeeing Rhetorically Writing ExerciseMy Roommates Bed PositiveMy roommates bed is spotless. She always has it made. Never is a single pillow ruffled; no sheets peek out from under the comforter. Over the summer, she and I decided to make animal print the dominant characteristic of our room. Although I stuck to zebra stripe, her bed linens incorporate every animal print imaginable. She chose a bed set that has small zebra print running the length. In between is a larger strip of dark leopard spots and a deep tan background. The two prints contrast each other as much as the zebras and leopards themselves, making it a discernable item that draws attention to itself. An overstuffed pillow sits in the right hand corner of the bed. It is of cheetah print with dark brown and black tones that greatly contrasts the brightness of the comforter. I, however, believe the fact that it clashes with the bedspread adds mystery: her bed would look like long stripes of zebra and leopard without this huge contrast of hues to divert the eye away from vertigo. My Roommates Bed NegativeMy roommates bed is spotless. Her bed is always spotless considering she is never in it. Rarely has a single pillow been moved; no sheets peek out from under the stagnant comforter. Although we decided to make animal print the dominant characteristic of our room, it is hard to do this and still keep the idea of taste in tact. My side is stylish; the other side is tacky. The colors used in the comforter are loud and bright. Because the zebra stripes are small and the leopard print between them has such a contrast of color, the bed looks so busy that I am afraid it may jump up and attack at any moment. Then there is the pillow she insists matches her bed. The pillow is of cheetah print. And yes, there is a big difference between leopard and cheetah print (leopard print is solid dots while cheetah print is only an outline of color). When a person looks at her bed, the eye wanders to the insipid lack of color the cheetah print pillow offers. Compared to the brig ht colors, which is the only good thing, at the least, that the bed set has going for it, the cheetah pillow is the ugly, deformed MM whose peanut is sticking out halfway, creating a bulge in one side that makes one throw it away rather than eat it. Rhetorical StructureMy writing expressly conveys my meaning in a direct way. Although I did not start my paragraphs with, My roommates tasteful bed is spotless because she is a clean person, or, My roommates bed is spotless because she never has a chance to mess up the ugly thing, my meaning was implied. But it was not vaguely implied. By the second sentence in the negative paragraph, my reader knows why I have perceived her bed is always spotless. The first paragraphs meaning is backed up in the second sentence, which implies she is a very tidy person. The details I selected support each paragraph. In the positive paragraph, I made a point to describe how presentable the placement of objects on her bed is. I also tried to paint a picture of the comforter as if the reader was actually seeing it. The way I described it left a tinge of admirability, but just enough to allow the reader to decide on his or her own. Rather than implying the bright colors were pleasing to the eye as in the first paragraph, the negative paragraph was intended to lead the reader to believe the brightness of the comforter was too much and too busy to be attractive. The description of the pillow that added contrast in the first paragraph is now an eyesore. .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .postImageUrl , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:hover , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:visited , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:active { border:0!important; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:active , .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3 .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udfb8ed5cb9103304065235aeefb949d3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Beowulf as a Messianic Narrative Sample EssayThe connotation in the first paragraph is of a positive idea. Always and never carries heavy meaning when describing how clean and well-made the bed is kept. Contrast, discernable and incorporate were used to show how a negative idea can be a positive outcome. But in the second paragraph, my connotation was much less subtle. Always and never were

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Staffing norms by inc and ana free essay sample

Every organization is primarily depends upon its human resources than any other single factor. The core determines of staffing in the hospital organization are quality, quantity and utilization of its personnel keeping in view the structure and process. The staffing norms should aims at matching the individual aspiration to the aims and objectives of the organization. On the other hand practice standards in the organization also play an important role in providing quality service and elimination of malpractices among staff. This term paper tries to give brief outline about the staffing norms and practice standards set by INC and ANA. MEANING OF STAFFING Staffing is a systematic approach to the problem of selecting, training, motivating and retaining professional and nonprofessional personnel in any organization. It involves manpower planning to have the right person in the right place and avoid ‘square peg in round hole†. Staffing is a logical operation that consists of several interdependent actions as given below. We will write a custom essay sample on Staffing norms by inc and ana or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. Identify the type and amount of services needed by agency client 2. Determining the personal categories that have the knowledge and the skills to perform needed service measures. 3. Predicting the number of personnel in each job category that will be needed to meet and anticipated service demands. 4. Obtaining, budgeted positions for the number in each job category needed to service for the expected types and number of client. 5. Recruiting personnel to fill available positions. 6. Selecting and appointing personnel from suitable applicants. 7. Combining personal into desired configurations by unit and shift. 8. Orienting personnel to fulfill assigned responsibilities. 9. Assigning responsibilities for client services to available personnel. MANPOWER PLANNING Manpower planning may be defined as a strategy for the accusation, utilization, improvement and preservation of the human resources of an organization. The objective of manpower planning is very wide and varied. The most important once are as follows, 1. Ensuring maximum utilization of the personnel. 2. Assessing future requirements of the organization. 3. Determining the recruitment sources. 4. Anticipating from past record. 5. Determining training requirements for management’s development and organizational development. The major activities of manpower planning includes, a) Forecasting future manpower requirements. b) Inventorying present manpower resources and analyzing the degree to which the resources are employed optimally. c) Anticipating manpower problem by projecting present resources into the future and comparing them with forecast of requirements to determine the adequacy, both quantitatively and qualitatively. d) Planning the necessary programme, recruitment, selection, training, development, motivation and compensation, so that the future manpower requirements will be met. To achieve the above objectives, manpower planning involves the following steps, 1. Scrutiny of present personnel strength 2. Anticipation of manpower needs 3. Investigation of turnover of personnel 4. Planning job requirements and job description The following are the sequential steps of staffing responsibilities, although each step has interdependence with all staffing activities. 1. Determine the number and the types personnel needs to fulfill the philosophy, met fiscal planning responsibilities, and carry out the chosen person care management organization 2. Recruit, interview, select and assign personnel based on established job description performance standards. 3. Use organization resources for induction and orientation. 4. As certain that each employees is adequately socialized to organizational value and unit norms. 5. Use creative and flexible scheduling based on patient care needs to increase productivity and retention. 6. Develop a programme of staff education that will assist employees meeting the goals of the organization. STAFFING POLICIES The word â€Å"policy† has a greater significant in the organization for giving a direction to the activities in the field of finance, marketing, production, personnel etc. policy is a predetermined and accepted course of thoughts and actions established as a guide towards accepted goals and objectives. The following things needed for the personal policies This is a predetermined course of rules or actions. Policies guide the performance of objectives. Policies provide the standard or ground for the objectives. The process of developing personnel policies involves the assessment of the following factors. 1. Identification of the purpose and objectives, which the organization wishes to attain with regard to its workforce. 2. Analysis of all the factors under which the organizations personnel policy will be operating. 3. Examining the possible possibilities in each area in which the personnel policy statement is necessary. 4. Implementation of the policy through the development of procedures to support the policy. 5. Communication of the policy and procedures adapted to the entire organization. 6. Auditing the policy so as to reveal the necessary changes. 7. Continues re-evaluation and revision of policies to meet the current needs of the organization. FORMULATION OF PERSONNEL POLICY Formulation of personnel policies is a top management decision, affecting the operation of the organization. The formulation of these policies is different according to the level of expertise and the skills of the staff. In certain organization, the personnel manager may be totally responsible for the entire process. In other organizations, the groups of line managers and employees representing the various departments assemble to formulate the policies with the personnel staff. All personnel policies should be flexible enough to offer sufficient scope for the developmental managers to meet different situations. The steps of formulating the personnel policy includes, 1. Fact finding: fact finding is usually a job delegated to the committee who through interviews and conferences collect data from inside and outside of the organization. The facts should be dependable, diverse and qualitatively superb. When the investigation is over the committee proceed further in this matter. 2. Reporting Of Proposed Policy: Policy formulation committee shall report to the top management it’s considered opinions integrating the committee’s judgment and findings. The personnel manager plays a key role in this matter. He may be the principal spokesman of the committee. He should take adequate precautions to ensure correct timings and presentation of the report so that management finds it acceptable. 3. Writing the proposal policy: Policies should be always in writing. There are two compelling reasons for it. Firstly, the policy will be vague unless it is written down. Secondly, if the policy is in writing, it will show what exactly the management means. Special skill is required to adhere to policy language which will state the synthesis principles, commitment for actions and scope for discretion. 4. Discussing the proposed policy: A proposed policy should always be discussed with the participation of those who use and live with the result it gives. The discussion stage offers an opportunity to gauge the thoughts of the employees. Management can reasonably expect that those who have not testified against the proposed policy will abide by it. If a group of employees is not convinced, the management should examine their views in detail. Opportunity for upward communication should be given to the employees to respond constructively to the policy. 5. Adopting and launching the policy: Adopting and launching the policy rest on the top management who can decide whether the policy adequately represent the organizational objectives or not. 6. Communicating of policy: The issuance of formal personnel policy is limited by the management. The Personnel policy manual or handbook should be maintained by the personnel department on all policies and procedure of all personnel matters. Booklets on personnel policy giving important points of interest to employees should be issued. 7. Appraising the policy: Policy formulating committee consisting the representatives of management and their employees who are affected by a given policy decision can develop the experience to appraise its appropriateness and usefulness. Any serious difficulty in overcome the new or revised policy should be reported to the top management along with the constructive suggestions. FACTORS INFLUENCING PERSONNEL POLICY The following factors will influence determining of personnel policies of an organization. 1. Law of the country: the various laws and labour legislation govern the various aspects of personnel matters, Policies should be conformity with the laws of the county. 2. Social values and customs: There are codes of behavior of any community which should be taken into account in framing policies. 3. Management philosophy and values: Management cannot work together for any length of time without clear broad philosophy and set of values which influence their actions on matters concerning the workforce. 4. Stage of development: All changes such as size of operations, scale of technology, innovations, fluctuations in the composition of workforce, decentralization of authority and change in financial structure influence the adoption of personnel policies. 5. Financial position of the firm: The personnel policies cost money which will be reflected in the price of the product. Because of this, prices set the absolute limit to organizations personnel policies. 6. Union objectives and practices: How well employees are organized? What is their bargaining capacity? What are their pressure techniques? All these factors are responsible to personnel policy. 7. Type of workforce: The assessment of characteristics of workforce and what is acceptable to them is the responsibility of the effective personnel staff. CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONNEL POLICIES Personnel policies should possess the following characteristics: They should present the principle that will guide the organizations actions and reflect a faith in the ethical values of employees. They should be stated in the broadest possible terms so as to serve as a guide in practice now and in future. They should be formulated after taking the long range plans and needs of the organization. They should be flexible to cover a normal range of activity. They should be stable to produce excessive alterations. They must be developed with the active participation of the management and employees. They should be definite so that it is easy to understand. They should be communicated in writing so as to remove any confusion. ADVANTAGES OF PERSONNEL POLICIES Personnel policies set up by the management for the following advantages: Helps managers at various levels of decision centers to act with confidence without the need for consulting the superiors every time. Ensures promote action for taking decision within the overall framework of the objectives of the organization whenever any situation arises. Provide a rational and continues system of achieving results through better control. Clearly lies down liberate the management from their personal bias and self-interest. Ensures long term welfare of employees and makes good relation between management and workers. Makes the employees aware of where they stand in the organization and creates confidence in them. PHILOSOPHY OF STAFFING IN NURSING Nurse administrators of a hospital nursing department might adopt the following staffing philosophy; 1. Nurse administrators believe that it is possible to match employee’s knowledge and skills to patient care need in a manner that optimizes job satisfaction and acre quality. 2. Nurse administrators believe that the technical and humanistic care needs of critically ill patients are so complex that all aspect of care should be provided by professional nurses. 3. Nurse administrators believe that the health teaching and rehabilitative needs of chronically ill patients are so complex that direct care for chronically ill should be provided by professional and technical nurses. 4. The nurse administrators believe that patient assessment, work qualification and job analysis should be used to determine the number of personnel in each category to be assigned to care for patients of each type. 5. Nurse administrators believe that a master staffing plan and policies to implement the plan in all units should be developed certainly by the nursing heads and staff of the hospital. 6. Nurse administrators believe that staffing plan should be administered at the unit levels by the head nurse, so that selected plan details, such as shifts start time, number of staff assigned on holidays, and number of employees assigned to each shifts can be modified to accommodate the unit work load and workflow. OBJECTIVES OF STAFFING IN NURSING 1. Provide an all professional nurse staff in critical care units, operating rooms, labour and delivery units, and emergency room. 2. Provide sufficient staff to permit a 1:1 nurse patient ratio for each shift in every critical unit. 3. Staff the general medical, surgical, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatric units to achieve a 2:1 professional practical nursing ratio. 4. Provide sufficient nursing staff in general medical, surgical, obstetric, pediatric and psychiatric unit to permit a 1:5 nurse patient ratio on a day and afternoon shifts and 1:10 nurse patient ratio on night shifts. 5. Involve the heads of the nursing staff and all nursing personnel in designing the departments overall staffing programme. 6. Design a staffing pattern that specifies how many nursing personnel in each classification will be assigned to each nursing unit for each shift and how vacation and holiday time will be requested and scheduled. 7. Hold each head nurse responsible for translating the department master staffing plan to sequential eight weeks’ time schedules personnel assigned to her/his unit. 8. Post time schedules for all personnel’s at least eight weeks in advance. 9. Empower the head nurse to adjust work schedules for unit nursing personnel to remedy any staff excess or deficiency caused by census fluctuation or employee absence. 10. Inform each nursing employee that requests for specific vacation or holiday time will be honored within the limits imposed by patients care and labour contract requirements. 11. Reward employees for long term service by granting individuals special time requests on the bases of seniority. RECRUITMENT PROCESS Recruitment is a process of securing applicants to fill vacant positions. It covers both the filling of new and replacement of previously established posts which fall vacant. Sources of recruitment In general, there are two sources of recruiting employees Internal External 1. Internal sources: Many organizations completely overlook the value of recruitments from within. It is not only reasonable but wise to let the existing employees know of vacancies by internal advertisement. But now it is being realized that the best source of supply for higher posts is the personnel already in the organization. The existing talented employees may be given the adequate training to be eligible for promotion to higher positions in the organization has an advantage of stimulating and preparing possible transfer or promotion, increasing the moral of the employees and simplifying selection and placement problems. 2. External sources Any business undertaking has to go to external sources for lower entry jobs, for expansion and for positions whose specification cannot be met by the present employees. The commonly used outside sources are: Advertisement Employment exchanges Educational institutions Recommendations Casual callers Labour contractors Employment STEPS IN RECRUITMENT PROCESS Recruitment has been described as the process of getting potential employees willing to apply for job or jobs in the organization. If recruitment is successful, several candidates will apply and out of these, the most suitable candidate will be selected. But this selection is not an easier process. It is a problem of matching a man to the job. Thus selection process involves choosing individuals who possess necessary skills, abilities and personality to specific jobs in the organization. Thus, proper and thorough selection policy must be followed by the management. There must be definite selection procedure established for screening out the undesirable candidates. The following are the important steps involved in the satisfactory selection procedure. A. Preliminary interview B. Application blank C. Employment tests D. Employment interview E. Reference check F. Physical examination G. Final selection A. PRELIMINARY INTERVIEW The preliminary interview is generally quiet brief and has the object of eliminating the obviously unqualified or unsuitable candidates. Lack of certain requirements in education, training or experience may determine unsuitability. Appearance, ability in communication, impression etc. of the candidates are quickly evaluated and the candidates salary requirements are obtained. If the applicant appears to have some chance of being selected, he is given the application blank to fill in. B. APPLICATION BLANK This is one of the important steps in hiring a man for the organization to get a written record of qualifications, experience or any other specialization of the candidate. There is a high degree of similarity between the applications blanks of various organizations because of the basic information about the individuals to which all organizations give importance. Application blank is used to obtain information in the applicant own handwriting sufficient to properly identify him and to make tentative inferences regarding his suitability for employment. C. EMPLOYMENT TESTS The use of tests is perhaps, the most controversial of all personnel selection procedures. ADVANTAGES A test is an objective and standardized behavior sample, and tends to be less subject to bias. Test can help to uncover talent that may otherwise be overlooked and also to differentiate between the ability required for the present job and those required by new once. A great deal of personal information about a person can be collected in a relatively short period of time using tests. Tests reduce the cost of selection and placement because large number of applicants can be evaluated within lesser period of time. Tests provide a healthy basis for comparing applicant’s background. DISADVANTAGES It measures only a part of the total amount of information needed to make an accurate selection. Tests are sometimes cannot predict changes of success of an applicant because he was nervous. But this is valid only when the test results of the entire group are not valid. CLASSIFICATION OF TESTS It is possible to classify the tests that have been used in the selection of workers into the following categories. I. Intelligence test It is the test used to judge the mental capacity of an applicant. It measures the individual learning ability, ability to catch or understand instructions and also the ability to reason and make judgment. There are various verbal as well as nonverbal intelligence tests designed by many psychologists for different jobs. II. Aptitude tests Aptitudes are the potentialities which the individuals have for learning the skill required to do a job quickly. Tests designed to measure such potentialities are called aptitude tests. Aptitude tests are one of the most promising indices for predicting workers success. Their continued use is assured because of the ever changing nature of occupations in an industrial society under continues fluctuations occurring in the labour market. III. Trade tests Proficiency or trade tests are those tests which are designed to measure the skills already acquired by the individuals. These are also known as the performance tests. I. e. tests of level of knowledge and proficiency in certain skills about a particular job. IV. Motor tests Dotting- these tests emphasize speed and precision of movement. The individuals makes a single dot in each of a series of small squares or circles which are likely to be arranged in irregular order. Tapping- tapping tests are similar to dotting tests except that the emphasis is on speed alone. Finger dexterity- the individual is requires picking up small pins and inserting them in holes. Complex reaction- these tests are frequently used with motor vehicle operators. In complex reactions several stimuli are presented serially to the individual and he must make differential response to them. D. EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW Although application blanks, tests and group discussions provide much valuable information about the candidate, yet they do not provide the complete set of information, required of the applicant. Interview may be of great help in such cases. Interview may be taken to secure much information about a candidate to enable the organization to know about the applicant and vice versa. Purpose To find out the suitability of the candidate To seek more information about the candidate To give the candidate an accurate picture of the job with details of terms and conditions and some idea of organization policies and employer employee relations. Limits Interview is an expensive device and sometimes, it is interpreted as having greater meaning and validity than is justified. Interview can test only the personality of the candidate and not his skills and ability for the job. Interviewer many not be an expert and many not be in a position to extract maximum information from the candidate. It depends too much on the personal judgment of the interviewer which may not always be accurate. E. REFERENCE CHECK A referee is potentially an important source of information about a candidate’s personality if he holds a responsible position in some organization or has been the boss or employer of the candidate. Prior to final selection, the prospective employer normally makes an investigation on the reference supplied by the applicant and undertakes more or less a thorough search into candidates past employment, education, personal reputation, financial condition, police record etc. F. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION The pre-employment physical examination or medical test of a candidate is an important step in the selection procedure. Objectives It serves to ascertain the applicant physical capabilities to meet the job requirement. It serves to protect the organizations against the unwarranted claims under workers compensation laws. It helps to prevent communicable diseases entering the organization. G. FINAL SELECTION Based on all the above procedures, successful candidates fit for the job is selected and appointed to the job. INC (Indian Nursing council) The Indian Nursing Council is an Autonomous Body under the Government of India and was constituted by the Central Government under the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947 of parliament. It was established in 1949 for the purpose of providing uniform standards in nursing education and reciprocity in nursing registration throughout the country. Nurses registered in one state were not registered in another state before this time. The condition of mutual recognition by the state nurse’s registration councils, called reciprocity was possibly only if uniform standards of nursing education were maintained. FUNCTIONS OF INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL To establish and monitor a uniform standard of nursing education for nurses midwife, Auxiliary Nurse-Midwives and health visitors by doing inspection of the institutions. To recognize the qualifications under section 10(2)(4) of the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947 for the purpose of registration and employment in India and abroad. To give approval for registration of Indian and Foreign Nurses possessing foreign qualification under section 11(2) (a) of the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947. To prescribe the syllabus regulations for nursing programs. Power to withdraw the recognition of qualification under section 14 of the Act in case the institution fails to maintain its standards under Section 14 (1)(b) that an institution recognized by a State Council for the training of nurses, midwives, auxiliary nurse midwives or health visitors does not satisfy the requirements of the Council. Sister/ANS for Emergency Unit depending on emergency casualty etc. the No. of beds OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT-BASE ON ACTUAL OBSERVATION. NO OF STAFF Minor Operation Theatre 1 Staff Nurse for every 13 Patients Injection Room 1 Staff Nurse for every 86 patients Surgical 1 Staff Nurse for every 120 patients Medical 1 Staff Nurse for every 140 patients Gynac. 1 Staff Nurse for every 35 patients Children (Pediatric) 1 Staff Nurse for every 85 patients Orthopedic 1 Staff Nurse for every 120 patients Dental 1 Staff Nurse for every 120 patients ENT 1 Staff Nurse for every 120 patients Eye 1 Staff Nurse for every 86 patients Skin 1 Staff Nurse for every 100 patients Similarly other outpatient Department need to be staffed based on actual observation. JUSTIFICATIONS: 1) Needs may vary from hospital to hospital depending on the size of hospital and servicerendered more staff than anticipated will be required. 2) Special attention is needed for supervision of patient care on the evening and night shift. 30% leave reserve is suggested because nurses get 2 off, 30 Earned Leave and 12Casualleave/24 days off in a year. Also it has been observed that on any working day 25% ofthe staff on casual leave etc. Differentiate intensity of care among definite classes Measure and quantify care to develop a management engineering standard. Match nursing resources to patient care requirement. Relate to time and effort spent on the associated activity. Be economical and convenient to report and use Be mutually exclusive, continuing new item under more than one unit. Be open to audit. Be understood by those who plan, schedule and control the work. Be individually standardized as to the procedure needed for accomplishment. Separate requirement for registered nurse from those of other staff. Purposes The system will establish

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

SWOT Analysis of Every Business

SWOT analysis is a matrix whose elements can be broken down into Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. In the analysis, the aforementioned elements, which happen to be present in any business, product, or place, are looked at and decisions made regarding the same.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on SWOT Analysis of Every Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More SWOT analysis majorly entails determining the external and internal factors of a project or business venture and consider their favourability. From the comparisons of the internal and external environments, a strategic fit is arrived at. For instance, with the help of SWOT analysis, a business is able to operate in a competitive market environment. The elements of the SWOT matrix stand for the following Strengths: These are the features of the business or project that give the latter competitive advantage over other businesses in the market. Th ey could include assets, human resource, technological resources and prospects, just to mention a few. Weaknesses: These include features of the business that place it at a disadvantaged position over the other businesses in the market. Weakness could include high employee turnover, unsolved legal disputes, and business restrictions, among others. Opportunities: These are features that the business has its disposition, which could be exploited to its benefit. Mergers and acquisitions are examples of opportunities. Threats: These are elements in the external environment that could have a negative impact on the performance of the business. Currency fluctuations are an example of a threat in the business environment. The four elements of the SWOT matrix are classified into two broad groups of internal and external factors. Strengths and weaknesses fall into the class of internal factors of the organisation, while opportunities and threats are manifested in the external environment. The external factors mainly entail matters of the macroeconomy, socio-cultural, law, and changes in the market environment.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In most cases, businesses have no control of the external factors and the only way of dealing with them is by safeguarding or shielding the business or projects from the impact of the external factors. Internal factors mostly entail matters that can be controlled by the business management. The application of SWOT analysis is diversified ranging from projects, profit-making and non-profit making organisations, sole-entrepreneurship, and companies, among others. It is of significance in decision making, especially in cases where the objectives are defined. In addition to this, SWOT analysis can be used in preventing organisational crisis through proper planning of both the internal and external environment. For instance, whe n an organisation is under financial distress, it could use SWOT analysis to identify the affected opportunities and have a pre-crisis plan to prevent the organisation from losing its opportunities. Finally, yet importantly, SWOT analysis is crucial in providing recommendation for project studies and surveys. It is an indicator of the viability of the study or survey. From the above discussion, it can be concluded that SWOT analysis is an important management tool in any organisation. The strategic plans and decisions arrived at after a SWOT analysis help in the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. Despite its significance, SWOT analysis just like any other tool of management, has faced a lot of criticism regarding its performance and application. For instance, SWOT analysis has the drawback of prioritisation and compilation of the factors in the various categories. With this weakness, it becomes difficult to analyse wrongly categorised factors and come up with soluti ons. This report on SWOT Analysis of Every Business was written and submitted by user Brendon Love to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Love in essays

Love in essays Love is defined as when you seek and foster the goodness of others in the context of their concrete situations. That statement can be interpreted in many different ways. There are many different types of love: self-love, friendship love, erotic love, parental love, love of nature, romantic love, and Gods love. Self-love is when you love yourself, not vainly, but just caring about yourself and you well being. Friendship love is when you and another person love each other in a platonic way. Erotic love happens when two people want to join together in union in both body and mind. Parental love is the affirmation parents make about their kids. Its an unconditional love because parents love their kids no matter what bad things they do. Love of nature is when you respect all of Gods creations, and nurture them. Romantic love is friendship love only on a much deeper level. The two people care about each other so much that they only want to be with each other. Gods love is the lo ve that God has for us. God made everything in his image and likeness, so obviously he loves everything on earth. The movie Forrest Gump depicts all of these types of love, some more obviously than others. Friendship love can be seen in Forest Gump most easily between Forest and Jenny. From the time they first met on the school bus, when Jenny let Forest sit next to her, they became friends forever. They grew up as best friends. They helped each other out when they needed it. They cared about each other. An example is when some local bullies were making fun of Forest and throwing stones at him, Jenny told Forest to run, he did, and then was free from the bullies harm. An example of when Forest was there for Jenny when she needed it was when Jenny was trying to get away from her abusive father. Jenny left her house and with Forest, went into the corn field. He was there to give her support and to try to make her...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

What affects development in Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland Research Paper

What affects development in Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland Statistical project (must be done in State program) - Research Paper Example The model had GDP as the dependent variable and energy production (kt of oil equivalent); exports of goods and services (% of GDP); gross savings (% of GDP); imports of goods and services (% of GDP); labour participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+); life expectancy at birth, total (years); market capitalization of listed companies (% of GDP); real interest rate (%); research and development expenditure (% of GDP); stocks traded, total value (% of GDP); Bulgaria dummy variable; Hungary dummy variable; Lithuania dummy variable; year 1995 dummy variable; 1996D; 1997D; 1998D; 1999D; 2000D; 2001D; 2002D; 2003D; 2004D; 2005D; 2006D; 200D7 and 2008D as the independent variables. The model results demonstrated that a percentage increase in energy production (kt of oil equivalent), ceteris paribus, leads to 0.0003 percentage increase in GDP while a percentage increase in the average of exports and imports of goods and services (% of GDP), ceteris paribus, causes the GDP to grow by 0.017 percent. Further, a percentage increase in gross savings (% of GDP), ceteris paribus, cause the GDP to grow by 0.77 percent while an increase of one percent in labor participation rate total (% of total population ages 15), ceteris paribus, causes a decrease in GDP growth of 0.35 percent. A percentage increase in life expectancy at birth, total (years), ceteris paribus, causes the GDP to increase by 2.9 percent while market capitalization of listed companies (% of GDP) increase by one percent causes a 0.21 percentage increase in GDP. Real interest rate (%) increase by one percent causes a GDP decrease of 0.06 percent while an increase in research and development expenditure (% of GDP) by one percent decreases GDP growth by 0.62 percent. An increase of one percent in stocks traded, total value (% of GDP) causes the GDP to decrease by 0.02 percent. Further, the GDP for Bulgaria was found to be higher than that for Poland by 0.32 percent while that for